How do gametes form?

How do gametes form?

• A. By mitosis
• B. By fertilization
• C. By meiosis
• D. By binary fission

Answer: (C)

Meiosis is the process that forms gametes. It reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid, so sperm and egg carry only one set of chromosomes. After a single DNA replication, meiosis involves two rounds of division, producing four genetically diverse haploid cells from one germ cell. This reduction is essential because fertilization merges two haploid gametes to restore the species’ usual diploid chromosome number. Genetic variation arises through crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis, which helps drive diversity in offspring. In contrast, mitosis makes identical diploid cells for growth and tissue repair, fertilization is the union of two gametes to form a zygote, and binary fission is how many bacteria reproduce.

Meiosis is the process that forms gametes. It reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid, so sperm and egg carry only one set of chromosomes. After a single DNA replication, meiosis involves two rounds of division, producing four genetically diverse haploid cells from one germ cell. This reduction is essential because fertilization merges two haploid gametes to restore the species’ usual diploid chromosome number. Genetic variation arises through crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis, which helps drive diversity in offspring. In contrast, mitosis makes identical diploid cells for growth and tissue repair, fertilization is the union of two gametes to form a zygote, and binary fission is how many bacteria reproduce.